https://aafie.imamreza.ac.ir/ Iranian Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance in the Islamic Environment en daily 1 Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0330 Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0330 https://aafie.imamreza.ac.ir/article_215209.html In recent decades, operational accountability has gained special importance in the public sector of countries as one of the basic components of good and efficient governance. Operational accountability not only helps to increase transparency and public trust, but also improves efficiency, effectiveness and fairness in providing public services. Due to the increase in society's expectations from public sector institutions, the necessity of accountability and transparency in the performance of these institutions is felt more and more. The aim of this research is to identify the drivers of operational accountability in the public sector in Islamic environments. The research method is the data theory of the foundation and through interviews with 14 experts in 2024. The statistical population of the research, which was selected selectively and purposefully, includes public sector accountants, public sector financial managers, auditors and expert faculty members. The results of the research showed that the drivers of operational accountability in the public sector include the driver of economic resources with three indicators, the driver of financial resources with four indicators, the driver of operational goals with six indicators, the driver of transparency with five indicators and the driver of empowerment and learning with five indicators. . Operational accountability in the public sector is a multidimensional concept that includes several components such as information transparency, performance monitoring and evaluation, accountability, public participation, financial transparency, strengthening institutional and human resources capacities, legal accountability, transparency standards and procedures, effective communication and innovation. . Knowing and analyzing these components based on the mentioned theoretical foundations can help improve performance and increase transparency and public trust in the country's public sector. https://aafie.imamreza.ac.ir/article_209041.html Financial innovation in terms of technology can lead to new business models, applications, processes or products with a material impact on financial markets and institutions and the provision of financial services. Therefore, according to the importance of this issue, the present research has been tested with the aim of investigating the effect of innovation of financial technologies on improving the financial resources of Qarz al-Hasneh banks in Islamic environments in 2024.  The research method is correlation type based on confirmatory factor analysis through structural equations; therefore, in this regard, the statistical community of this research consists of experts, managers and analysts in the financial field, and 145 people were randomly selected as the sample size.  The results of the hypothesis analysis show that the components of credit services and deposit increase, support services, security have a direct and significant effect on the improvement of financial resources in banks. But the component of payment and settlement services had an inverse and significant effect on the improvement of financial resources in banks.  Financial innovation and new technologies can have many positive effects on improving financial resources in banks. However, banks must approach these innovations with care and proper planning in order to avoid the challenges and risks associated with them and enjoy their full benefits. To realize this, banks need to develop appropriate strategies, train employees, and invest in are technological infrastructures to be able to use these innovations effectively. https://aafie.imamreza.ac.ir/article_213692.html The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of changing auditors on the relationship between management ability and overconfidence and the non-continuity of the activities of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in Islamic environments. The statistical population is the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange and the time period is from 2014 to 2021. To collect the data needed to test the research hypotheses, the annual financial statements of the companies (from the Kodal website) and the website of the Stock Exchange Organization have been used. First, the used data were analyzed using quantitative methods, and then econometric models were used to test the hypotheses of this research and determine the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The results of the study show that management ability has a negative and significant effect on the non-continuity of the company's activities in Islamic environments. Management overconfidence has a positive and significant effect on the non-continuity of the company's activities in Islamic environments. Changing auditors does not have a significant effect on the relationship between management ability and the non-continuity of the company's activities in Islamic environments. Changing auditors does not have a significant effect on the relationship between management overconfidence and the non-continuity of the company's activities in Islamic environments. https://aafie.imamreza.ac.ir/article_215206.html The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between financial reporting transparency, audit quality and stock price crash risk in Islamic environments. The statistical population of this study is all companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2011 to 2021. The multivariate regression method was used to test the research hypotheses. The research method is inductive-deductive in which theoretical foundations and research background were collected through the library, articles and the Internet, and the research hypotheses were rejected or proven by using appropriate statistical methods to generalize the results. Financial data was collected in Excel software to form a database and then analyzed using IViews software to test the research hypotheses. The research results showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between financial reporting transparency and crash risk. Lack of transparency of financial information increases the possibility of a sudden influx of bad news into the market and, as a result, the risk of stock price crash. Also, lack of transparency in financial reporting has a significant and inverse relationship with audit quality. https://aafie.imamreza.ac.ir/article_212567.html The main objective of this research is to analyse the long-term memory of the Iranian stock market and compare it with the capital market of Islamic environments. The method of this research is quantitative because financial information is used to calculate the variables. The time frame of the research is from 2008 to 2023, and the investigation of the research hypotheses has been carried out using the real data of these years. Based on the purpose of the research, the information related to the above period and the companies that were present in the securities market during this period are included in the test of hypotheses. In this research, the LSTM artificial intelligence algorithm model is used. LSTM stands for (long short-term memory) and is a type of model or structure for ordinal data that has been developed to develop recurrent neural networks (RNN). In the LSTM model, for the size of windows 30-60-90 and 180 with a horizon of 5-10-15-20, the indices of the Iranian stock market, the Malaysian stock market and the Pakistani stock market were studied. In this model, since 3 different sizes of windows have the ability to predict, therefore, all the research hypotheses have been confirmed and the stock market indices of all three countries have long term memory. https://aafie.imamreza.ac.ir/article_216641.html Today, with the observation of periods of fluctuation in financial and investment markets, there is a strong need for acquiring financial knowledge among the members of society. Real shareholders are sometimes inexperienced and uneducated people who suffer more from market fluctuations than corporate shareholders. This shows the need for further studies among real Muslim shareholders in Tehran stock market and securities. Therefore, the present study has examined the impact of financial knowledge, financial confidence, and learning capacity on the financial behavior of Muslim shareholders in Tehran Stock Exchange. The research method used is applied and descriptive, survey. The statistical population of the study includes all Muslim shareholders in the Tehran Stock Exchange and the exact number of whom was unknown to the researcher. The sample size was determined to be at least 200 people using a rule of thumb and according to the questionnaire questions, which ultimately resulted in 270 usable questionnaires with the researcher's follow-up. A non-random sampling method is available, and data from the participants was collected through questionnaires with confirmed validity and reliability. 270 complete questionnaires were received and used as the basis for analysis. The collected data was analyzed using SmartPLS software. The results indicate that financial knowledge has a significant effect on the financial behavior of Muslim shareholders. In addition, financial confidence has a positive effect on the financial behavior of these shareholders. Also, learning capacity has a significant effect on the financial behavior of Muslim shareholders. https://aafie.imamreza.ac.ir/article_220026.html In a situation where the risk fluctuations in the capital market are high, the performance of companies can decrease under the influence of these market risks. Olson and James (2017) and Ricardo et al. (2021) have shown in their research that an increase in risk in the capital market causes an increase in agency costs and differences between managers and investors in investment decisions. This can lead to profit management in financial statements and reduce the quality of financial reporting. Therefore, dealing with factors affecting companies' risk; It can help clarify this issue. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of management stability and profit stability on systematic risk, emphasizing the role of risk management of companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange. In this regard, the influence of management stability and profit stability as independent variables; Systematic risk is the dependent variable and company size variables, board independence, managerial ownership, institutional owners, asset return rate, operating cash ratio, company life and company growth, and sales efficiency are also considered as control variables. The statistical sample of the research included 132 companies. The research method is descriptive correlation with applied approach and data analysis method is done through correlation test and multiple regression. The results of the research showed that management stability and profit stability have an inverse and significant effect on the company's systematic risk, and profit management strengthens this inverse relationship. https://aafie.imamreza.ac.ir/article_220260.html This study investigates the moderating role of managerial ability in the relationship between earnings management and firms’ future accrual and cash performance over a three-year horizon, while also considering Islamic perspectives on earnings management. Data from 132 firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2010–2022 were analyzed. Managerial ability was measured using the Demerjian et al. model and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), and regression analysis was conducted using EViews 12. The findings reveal that higher managerial ability significantly reduces the extent of earnings management. Moreover, the negative effects of earnings management are primarily short-term, manifesting mainly in the first year. Capable managers are able to moderate these adverse effects on the firm’s future performance. These results are further supported by robustness tests. From an Islamic perspective, earnings management that involves deception or leads to illegitimate gains is considered a form of Ghash (fraudulent practice) and is religiously condemned. However, when earnings management is conducted without deception, it is not considered religiously impermissible. The outcomes of this study offer both theoretical and practical value. Theoretically, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of how managerial ability influences the consequences of earnings management on firm value. Practically, the findings can support more effective managerial performance evaluation, enhance firm value, and promote greater transparency and quality in financial reporting, thereby improving capital market oversight. https://aafie.imamreza.ac.ir/article_226573.html The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between financial constraints, credit rating and cash flow sensitivity. The present study is applied in terms of its purpose, quantitative data type, deductive-inductive in terms of its implementation logic, and descriptive-correlation in terms of its implementation method. The data under study were collected during the event period from a sample of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange that were selected using the accessible population method. The accessible population consisted of 190 companies listed in selected industries on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2014-2022. In order to test the research hypotheses, multivariate regression models were estimated over a 9-year test period. Based on statistical analysis and regression estimation, the results of examining the hypotheses at the expected error level showed that there is an inverse and significant relationship between financial constraints and the company's credit rating. There is a direct and significant relationship between financial constraints and the company's cash flow sensitivity. https://aafie.imamreza.ac.ir/article_229522.html The present research aimed to investigate the changes in the value relation of accounting information. In order to achieve the goal of the research, a general question was formulated that how the value relationship of accounting information has changed over time and it was tested through data-mining technique based on decision tree. The reason for using the data-mining technique was the power of this technique in forecasting. The data collected from 56 companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2002 to 2021 were tested through Cart algorithm in Clementine version 25 software. The findings of the research indicated that among the variables including profit per share; book value of equity per share; research and development cost; Intangible assets; advertising costs; cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments; One-year sales revenue growth; operating cash flow; sales revenue; other comprehensive income; Dividends awarded to ordinary shareholders; Capital expenditure; cost of goods sold; Sales, general and administrative expenses; Income tax expense; One-year operating income growth, total assets and type of industry respectively four variables of industry return, book value of equity per share, comprehensive profit and loss and type of industry are the most important and also sales, general and administrative expenses per per share, changes in pre-tax profit per share and total assets per share did not have the ability to change the information value of the three-month stock price performance. https://aafie.imamreza.ac.ir/article_234285.html This study investigates the relationship between information system–based strategic management and strategic flexibility, considering the mediating role of decision-making performance in Islamic contexts. The research population included financial managers and employees in the public and private sectors of Fars and Hormozgan provinces, and data were collected from 238 respondents using a convenience sampling method. The results indicate that information system–based strategic management has a positive and significant relationship with both strategic flexibility and decision-making performance, and that decision-making performance also shows a positive and significant relationship with strategic flexibility, confirming its mediating role. Overall, the findings suggest that enhancing decision-making performance strengthens the positive link between information system–based strategic management and strategic flexibility, offering valuable insights for managers in Islamic organizations to design intelligent decision-making systems, enhance strategic flexibility, and align managerial practices with religious values. https://aafie.imamreza.ac.ir/article_235824.html Purpose: Given the crucial role of professional skepticism in enhancing audit quality, this study aimed to examine the effect of religiosity and spirituality on auditors’ professional skepticism, with an emphasis on gender differences. Method: This applied research employed a descriptive-correlational design using structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population included auditors working in audit firms accredited by the Audit Organization and the Securities and Exchange Organization in 2025. Based on Cochran’s formula, 300 participants were selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using three validated standard questionnaires (religiosity, spirituality, and professional skepticism). The data were analyzed using AMOS and SPSS software, and statistical techniques such as path analysis and SEM. Findings: The results indicated that both religiosity and spirituality positively influence auditors’ professional skepticism, with religiosity having a stronger effect. Moreover, these effects were more pronounced among female auditors, such that women with higher levels of religiosity and spirituality demonstrated greater professional skepticism. Conclusion: The findings reveal that religiosity and spirituality play a positive role in enhancing auditors’ professional skepticism and can serve as effective internal resources for promoting ethical behavior. These results highlight the importance of incorporating spiritual and religious components in auditor training programs. In terms of knowledge contribution, the study enriches the behavioral auditing literature by clarifying the link between psychological factors and professional conduct and offers a basis for educational policy-making in auditing institutions.